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SS Ancon (1901)
SS ''Ancon'' was an American cargo and passenger ship that became the first ship to officially transit the Panama Canal in 1914. The ship was built as ''Shawmut'' for the Boston Steamship Company by the Maryland Steel Company, Sparrows Point, Maryland and put into Pacific service operating out of Puget Sound ports for Japan, China and the Philippine Islands. ''Shawmut'' and sister ship ''Tremont'' were two of the largest United States commercial ships in service at the time and the company eventually found them too expensive to operate.
''Shawmut'' and ''Tremont'' were acquired by the United States Government through the agency of the The Panama Railroad Company's Panama Railroad Steamship Line, whose assets were entirely owned by the government and critical to construction of the canal, to serve between New York and the Atlantic terminus during canal construction. Both ships were renamed for features of the canal; ''Shawmut'' for the Pacific side terminus Ancon and ''Tremont'' as for the Canal's Atlantic port. Though not the first vessel to make a complete transit, ''Ancon'' made the first official and ceremonial transit with a delegation of some two hundred dignitaries aboard. After the end of World War I the ship saw very brief service from 28 March to 25 July 1919 as a commissioned United States Ship, USS ''Ancon'' (ID-1467), making two round trip voyages from the New York Port of Embarkation to France returning troops home. ''Ancon'' was returned to Panama Canal service and was in service with the canal until 1939 when the ship was sold to private parties known as the Permanente Steamship Company and renamed ''Permanente''.
==Construction and design ==
The steamer was constructed by Maryland Steel, Sparrows Point, Maryland for the Boston Steamship Line as the SS ''Shawmut'' launched December 1901 and completed in 1902.〔Lloyd's Register, 1906〕 The launch date is given as "today" in a piece in the ''New York Times'' datelined December 21, 1901 and published on 22 December while the journal ''Marine Engineering'' gives the date as 23 December.〔The ''New York Times'' published 22 December 1901 release gives the launch "today" in a piece datelined 21 December. The ''Marine Engineering'' January 1902 issue gives the date of 23 December 1901. A "data card" the journal ''Marine Engineering'' published with some major ship articles for retention by readers states "Launched January 1902" with ship's characteristics but the card was probably prepared early for publication in the January issue. The journal's articles for January publication, perhaps based on scheduled times, were probably being prepared about the time of launch with the daily newspaper's article likely more current.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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